The Strings
Page 1 Numbers of players - 1st Violins, 2nd Violins, Violas, Cellos, Basses
Page 2 Written ranges of violin, viola, cello, string bass
Page 3 Typical violin
Page 4 Sample audio - arco violin range - low, medium, high
Page 5 Sample audio - pizzicato violin range - low, medium, high
Page 6 Sample audio - arco violin dynamics - pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff
Page 7 Sample audio - pizzicato violin dynamics - pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff
Page 8 Typical viola
Page 9 Sample audio - arco viola range - low, medium, high
Page 10 Sample audio - pizzicato viola range - low, medium, high
Page 11 Sample audio - arco viola dynamics - pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff
Page 12 Sample audio - pizzicato viola dynamics - pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff
Page 13 Typical cello
Page 14 Sample audio - arco cello range - low, medium, high
Page 15 Sample audio - pizzicato cello range - low, medium, high
Page 16 Sample audio - arco cello dynamics - pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff
Page 17 Sample audio - pizzicato cello dynamics - pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff
Page 18 Typical double bass
Page 19 Sample audio - arco double bass range - low, medium, high
Page 20 Sample audio - pizzicato double bass range - low, medium, high
Page 21 Sample audio - arco double bass dynamics - pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff
Page 22 Sample audio - pizzicato double bass dynamics - pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff
Page 23 Typical bow
Page 24 Up and down bow markings
Page 25 Sample audio - violin up bowing and down bowing
Page 26 Sample audio - two consecutive up-bowed phrases
Page 27 Sample audio - sample score page with bow markings
Page 28 Sample audio - sample score page showing bow marking only in key places
Page 29 Concert master and players can decide bowings
Page 30 Sample audio - legato bowing
Page 31 Sample audio - extremely long-held notes in string section
Page 32 Sample audio - detache bowing
Page 33 Sample audio - spiccato bowing
Page 34 Sample audio - staccato bowing
Page 35 Sample audio - marcato bowing